Comet and Meteor understanding

A. Comet 

Comets are celestial bodies in orbit around the sun is elliptical or parabolic or hyperbolic. The word "comet" comes from the Greek, meaning "long hair". Other terms were not shooting stars that are not appropriate because the comet was not a star. The Javanese call it a latitude cubeb because it has a tail like the dried fruit cubeb. 

Comets are composed of ice and dust. Comets are composed of a collection of dust and gas that freezes when being away from the sun. When approaching the sun, most of the building blocks of comets evaporates to form the head and tail gas. Comets also around the sun, so it is included in the solar system. Incandescent gas with a Comet orbits are different. Long "tail" comet can reach millions of miles. Some comets traveled farther in space than the planet. Some of the comet takes thousands of years to complete one orbit of the sun. 

a. Parts of Comet 

Core, is a very dense material, its diameter reaches a few kilometers, and is formed from the evaporation of the materials making up the comet ice, which then turns into gas. Comet's core is a rock and snow. Goma, the regional haze or veil-like region around the nucleus. Hydrogen layer, the layer that surrounds the coma, not visible to human eyes. Hydrogen cloud diameter of about 20 million kilometers. Tail, the luminous gas that occurs when a comet passes near the sun. Comet tail direction is always away from the sun. The tail of a comet consists of two kinds, namely the dust tail and the tail gas. Form of the arch-shaped dust tail visible, while the straight-shaped tail gas. Coma or tail of the comet as it approached the sun that is created when some of the core melt into gas. Solar wind then blew the gas so as to resemble a billowing smoke toward the back of the head of the comet. The tail is seen shining from the earth. A comet has a tail and sometimes there are two or more. 

b. Type of Comet 

Long-tailed comet, the comet with the line of the track so far through the areas that are very cold in space, so the opportunity to absorb the gases are passed through the area. When approaching the sun, the comet is releasing the gas to form the coma and tail are very long. For example, Kohoutek comet passing near the sun once every 75,000 years, and Halley's comet every 76 years. 

Short-tailed comet, the comet with the line of the track is very short so have less opportunity to absorb the gas in its path. When approaching the sun, the comet is releasing very little gas to form the coma and tail only a very short and almost no tail. For example Encke comet that passed close to the sun every 3.3 years. 

c. The names of the Comet

1. Comet Kohoutek.
2. Comet Arend-Roland and Maikos which appeared in 1957.
3. Comet Ikeya-Seki, was found in September 1965 by two Japanese astronomers, namely Ikeya and T. Seki.
4. Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 which was destroyed in 1994.
5. Comet Hyakutake that appeared in 1996.
6. Comet Hale-Bopp which appeared in 1997 and others.
7. Halley's Comet

B. meteor 

Meteor is the appearance of lines meteoroids fall into Earth's atmosphere, commonly known as shooting stars. Sighting was caused by the heat generated olehtekanan ram (not by friction, as generally assumed before this) at the time of meteoroids entering the atmosphere. A very bright meteor, brighter than Venus apparition, can be called a bolide. If the meteoroid does not burn out on its way in the atmosphere and reaches Earth's surface, the resulting object is called a meteorite. Meteor hit the Earth or other objects can be formed impact crater.       

Meteors usually occur in the mesosphere, at altitudes from 75 km to 100 km. Millions of meteors occur in the Earth's atmosphere every day. Most meteoroids that cause meteors are the size of pebbles. They become visible between about 40 and 75 miles (65 and 120 kilometers) above Earth. They were destroyed at an altitude of 30 to 60 miles (50-95 kilometers). Most meteors, however, can be observed at night when low light conditions allow fainter meteors to be observed.